NoSQL is a kind of database that, unlike most relational databases, does not provide a SQL interface to manipulate data. NoSQL databases usually organize the data in a different way other than tables.
NoSQL databases are divided into three categories:
- column-oriented
- key-value pairs
- document-oriented databases
SQL based relational databases do not scale well when they are distributed over multiple cluster nodes. Data partition is not an easy to implement solution when the applications use join queries and transactions.
NoSQL databases are not new. Actually, there were key-value pair based databases before relational database became popular.
List of NOSQL databases
Wide Column Store / Column Families
Hadoop / HBase
Cassandra
Hypertable
Document Store
CouchDB
MongoDB
Riak
Terrastore
ThruDB
Key Value / Tuple Store
Amazon SimpleDB
Chordless
Redis
Scalaris
Tokyo Cabinet / Tyrant
GT.M
Scalien
Berkeley DB
MemcacheDB
Mnesia
LightCloud
HamsterDB
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